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źź°čÁöŔűŔçťęąÇąâą¸ ÁßŔçÁśÁ¤ źžĹÍ

ÇŕÁ¤ĆгΰáÁ¤šŽ

NBC Universal, Inc., Universal City Studios LLLP  ´ë  Junak Kwon

ťç°ÇšřČŁ: D2004-0764

Also Available in PDF: D2004-0764

1. ´çťçŔÚ

˝ĹĂťŔÎ: (1) NBC Universal, Inc., New York, NY, United States of America, (2) Universal City Studios LLLP, Universal City, CA, United States of America.

˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ ´ë¸ŽŔÎ: Donovan & Yee, LLP, United States of America

ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎ: Junak Kwon, žČžç˝Ă, °ćąâľľ, ´ëÇњιš.

2. ľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§š×ľîˇĎąâ°ü

şĐŔďŔÇ ´ëťóŔĚ ľČ ľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕş <nbcuniversal.com>ŔĚ°í, şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕş HANGANG Systems Inc. dba Doregi.comżĄ ľîˇĎľÇžî ŔÖ´Ů.

3. ÇŕÁ¤ŔýÂ÷°łżä

˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş şĐŔďÇŘ°á˝ĹĂťź­¸Ś 2004łâ 9żů 22ŔĎ ŔüŔÚź­¸éžç˝ÄŔ¸ˇÎ, 2004łâ 9żů 23ŔĎ ŔϚݟ­¸é žç˝ÄŔ¸ˇÎ źź°čÁöŔűŔçťęąÇąâą¸(WIPO) ÁßŔçÁśÁ¤źžĹÍ(ŔĚÇĎ Ą°źžĹÍĄąśó°í žŕÄŞÇÔ)żĄ ÁŚĂâÇĎż´Ŕ¸¸ç źžĹÍ´Â 2004łâ 9żů 22ŔĎ ÇŘ´ç ź­ˇůŔÇ źöˇÉŔť ĹëÁöÇĎż´´Ů.

źžĹÍ´Â şť°Ç şĐŔďÇŘ°á˝ĹĂťź­ŔÇ Á˘źöżĄ ľűśó 2004łâ 9żů 22ŔĎ ľîˇĎąâ°üżĄ°Ô ľîˇĎŔÎŔÇ Á¤ş¸¸Ś żäĂťÇĎ´Â Ŕ̸ŢŔĎŔť šßźŰÇĎż´°í, ľîˇĎąâ°üŔş 2004łâ 9żů 23ŔĎŔڡΠźžĹÍżĄ ş¸ł˝ ´äşŻŔť ĹëÇŘź­ (1) ˝ĹĂťź­ ťçşťŔť źöˇÉÇĎÁö ¸řÇĎż´´Ů´Â ÁĄ, (2) şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔÇ ľîˇĎťç˝Ç, (3) ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ÇöŔçŔÇ ľîˇĎŔÎŔĚśó´Â ÁĄŔť ČŽŔÎÇĎ°í, (4) şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔÇ ľîˇĎŔÎżĄ °üÇŃ żŹśôĂł ľîŔÇ źźşÎÁ¤ş¸¸Ś ÁŚ°řÇŘ ÁÖ°í, (5) ĹëŔĎľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§şĐŔďÇŘ°áąÔÁ¤(Ą°ąÔÁ¤Ąą)ŔÇ Ŕűżë°Ą´ÉźşŔť ČŽŔÎÇĎ°í, (6) şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎ Ŕ̸§ŔÇ ÇöŔçťóȲŔť ČŽŔÎÇĎ°í, (7) şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§żĄ ´ëÇŃ ľîˇĎžŕ°üŔş ÇŃąšžîˇÎ ŔŰźşľÇžîÁŽ ŔÖ°í, (8) şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§żĄ °üÇĎżŠ šßťýÇĎ´Â şĐŔ￥ ´ëÇĎżŠ ľîˇĎŔΰú ľîˇĎąâ°ü°ŁŔÇ şĐŔ￥ ÇŃÇĎżŠ ľîˇĎŔÎŔĚ ľîˇĎąâ°üŔÇ şťÁĄŔť °üÇŇÇĎ´Â šýżřŔÇ °üÇҹǿĄ ľżŔÇÇĎż´Ŕ˝Ŕť ČŽŔÎÇŘ ÁÖžú´Ů.

ľîˇĎąâ°üŔÇ ČŽŔÎżĄ ľűśó źžĹÍ´Â 2004łâ 9żů 30ŔĎ ˝ĹĂťź­°Ą ľîˇĎžŕ°üťóŔÇ žđžîˇÎ ŔŰźşľÇžî ŔÖÁö žĘŔş Čě°áŔĚ ŔÖŔ˝Ŕť ÁöŔűÇϸ韭 Ŕ̸Ś ş¸Á¤ÇŇ °ÍŔť ˝ĹĂťŔÎżĄ°Ô ĹëÁöÇĎż´´Ů. ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş ŔĚżĄ ´ëÇĎżŠ 2004łâ 10żů 1ŔĎ ´äşŻź­¸Ś ÁŚĂâÇĎżŠ şť°ÇżĄ ´ëÇŃ ŔýÂ÷ťó žđžî¸Ś żľžîˇÎ ÁöÁ¤ÇŘÁŮ °ÍŔť żäą¸ÇÔ°ú ľż˝ĂżĄ 2004łâ 10żů 5ŔĎ ÇŃąšžîˇÎ šřżŞľČ ˝ĹĂťź­¸Ś ŔüŔÚź­¸é š× ŔϚݟ­¸é žç˝ÄŔ¸ˇÎ źžĹÍżĄ ÁŚĂâÇĎż´´Ů.

źžĹÍ´Â 2004łâ 10żů 20ŔĎżĄ şĐŔďÇŘ°á˝ĹĂťź­żĄ ´ëÇĎżŠ  ąÔÁ¤, şť ąÔÁ¤żĄ ´ëÇŃ ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢ(Ą°ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢĄą) š× ĹëŔĎľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§şĐŔďÇŘ°áąÔÁ¤żĄ ´ëÇŃ WIPOş¸ĂćąÔĢ(Ą°ş¸ĂćąÔĢĄą)żĄ ľű¸Ľ Çü˝ÄŔű żä°ÇŔÇ ĂćÁˇżŠşÎ¸Ś ÁĄ°ËÇĎż´´Ů.

źžĹÍ´Â ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢ ÁŚ2Áś (a)Ç× š× ÁŚ4Áś (a)Ç׿Ą ľűśó 2004łâ 10żů 20ŔĎ ĄŽşĐŔďÇŘ°á˝ĹĂťź­ š× ÇŕÁ¤ŔýÂ÷°ł˝Ă ĹëÁöšŽĄŻŔť şĐŔďÇŘ°á˝ĹĂťź­żÍ ÇÔ˛˛ ŔüŔÚżěĆížç˝ÄŔ¸ˇÎ ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎżĄ°Ô šßźŰÇĎ´Â ľż˝ĂżĄ ą× šŽź­¸Ś ąšÁŚĆŻąŢżîźŰźö´ÜŔť ĹëÇĎżŠ ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎżĄ°Ô šßźŰÇĎż´´Ů. ą×¸Ž°í ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢ ÁŚ5Áś (a)Ç׿Ą ľűśó ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ´äşŻź­¸Ś ÁŚĂâÇŇ źö ŔÖ´Â ¸ś°¨ąâŔĎŔş 2004łâ 11żů 9ŔĎŔÓŔť ĹëÁöÇĎż´Ŕ¸łŞ, ąâÇŃąîÁö ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ´äşŻź­¸Ś ÁŚĂâÇĎÁö žĘŔÚ źžĹÍ´Â 2004łâ 11żů 10ŔĎ ´äşŻź­ŔÇ šĚÁŚĂâŔť ČŽŔÎ, ĹëÁöÇĎż´´Ů

´çťçŔÚŔÇ 3ŔÎĆгι¸źşŔÇ Ŕǝ翥 ľűśóź­, źžĹÍ´Â şť°ÇŔÇ şĐŔďÇŘ°áŔť Ŕ§ÇŃ ÇŕÁ¤ĆгΡΠȲş¸żľ, Sir Ian Barker š× ź­ŔÍÇö ĆĐłÎŔ§żřŔť Áö¸íÇĎż´°í °˘°˘ŔÇ ˝ÂłŤ š× °řĆňźş°ú ľś¸łźşŔÇ źąžđšŽŔť Á˘źöÇĎżŠ ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢ ÁŚ7ÁśżĄ ľűśó 2004łâ 12żů 9ŔĎ ĆĐłÎŔť ŔűšýÇĎ°Ô ą¸źşÇĎż´´Ů.

4. ťç˝Ç°ü°č

National Broadcasting Company, Inc.´Â Ą°NBCĄąśó´Â ¸íÄŞŔ¸ˇÎ łÎ¸Ž žËˇÁÁř šĚľđžî š× żŁĹÍĹ×ŔθŐĆŽ ąâž÷Ŕ¸ˇÎź­ 2004łâ 5żů 11ŔĎ Vivendi Universal Entertainment š× ą× ŔÚȸťçŔÎ Universal City Studios LLLPŔÇ ŔÚťęŔť ÇŐş´ÇĎżŠ ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÎ NBC Universal, Inc.¸Ś źł¸łÇŃ šŮ ŔÖ´Ů.

NBC Universal Inc.´Â Ą°NBCĄą š× Ŕ̸Ś Ć÷ÇÔÇĎ´Â źö¸šŔş ťóÇĽ¸Ś źź°č żŠˇŻ łŞśóżĄ ľîˇĎÇĎ°í ŔÖ°í Universal City Studios LLLP żŞ˝Ă Ŕü źź°čżĄ °ÉĂÄ Ą°UniversalĄążĄ ´ëÇŃ ´ŮžçÇŃ ťóÇĽąÇŔť ş¸ŔŻÇĎ°í ŔÖŔ¸¸ç ľÎ ťóÇĽ ¸đľÎ šĚľđžî š× żŁĹÍĹ× ŔθŐĆŽž÷żĄ ŔÖžî źź°čŔűŔÎ ÁÖÁöŔú¸íźşŔť ĂëľćÇĎ°í ŔÖ´Ů.

NBCżÍ  Universal°ŁŔÇ ÇŐş´ °Ą´Éźş š× Ŕ̸Ś Ŕ§ÇŃ ÇůŔÇłëˇÂ ľîŔş 2003łâ 6żů  Áßźř°ćşÎĹÍ ˝ÇÁŚ ÇŐş´ŔĚ źş¸łÇĎąâąîÁö New York Times, United Press International, Herald Tribune ľî źź°čŔűŔÎ žđˇĐťç¸Ś ĹëÇĎżŠ ÁöźÓŔűŔ¸ˇÎ ş¸ľľľÇžúŔ¸¸ç, ĆŻČ÷ 2003łâ 6żů 25ŔĎżĄ´Â New York Times¸Ś ĹëÇĎżŠ, 2003łâ 6żů 28ŔĎżĄ´Â United Press InternationalŔť şńˇÔÇŃ ´ŮźöŔÇ žđˇĐťç¸Ś ĹëÇĎżŠ Ŕüźź°čżĄ ´ë´ëŔűŔ¸ˇÎ ş¸ľľľČ šŮ ŔÖ´Ů.

şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕş 2003łâ 6żů 29ŔĎżĄ ľîˇĎľÇžú´Ů.

5. ´çťçŔÚľéŔÇÁÖŔĺ

  A.  ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇÁÖŔĺ

şť°ÇżĄ ŔÖžî ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ ÁÖŔĺŔş ´ŮŔ˝°ú °°ŔĚ żäžŕľÉ źö ŔÖ´Ů:

-  şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕş ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ąÇ¸Ž¸Ś °ĄÁö´Â ťóÇĽ š× ź­şń˝şÇĽżÍ ľżŔĎÇĎ°ĹłŞ ąŘČ÷ ŔŻťçÇĎ´Ů.

-  ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§żĄ ´ëÇŘź­ žîś°ÇŃ ąÇÇŃŔĚłŞ šýˇüŔű ąÇ¸Ž°Ą žř´Ů.  ĆŻČ÷ ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ÁÖŔĺÇĎ´Â Ą°ÇŐş´żĄ Ç×ŔÇÇĎąâ Ŕ§ÇŃ ¸ńŔűĄą żŞ˝Ă žîś°ÇŃ °ćżěżĄľľ şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§żĄ ´ëÇŃ ÇŐšýŔűŔÎ ąÇÇŃŔĚłŞ ąÇ¸Ž°Ą ľÉ źö žř´Ů.

-  şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕş şÎÁ¤ÇŃ ¸ńŔűŔ¸ˇÎ ľîˇĎ š× ťçżëľÇ°í ŔÖ´Ů.

  B.  ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇÁÖŔĺ

ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ Ŕ§ ÁÖŔ忥 ´ëÇĎżŠ žĆšŤˇą ´äşŻľľ ÁŚ˝ĂÇĎÁö žĘžŇ´Ů.

6. °ËĹäš×ĆÇ´Ü

ŔýÂ÷ťóžđžîš×ąÔÁ¤ŔÇŔűżë

ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢ ÁŚ11Áś´Â ´çťçŔÚ°ŁżĄ ş°ľľŔÇ ÇŐŔÇ°Ą žř°ĹłŞ ȤŔş ľîˇĎžŕ°üťó ´Ţ¸Ž ąÔÁ¤ľÇÁö žĘ´Â ÇŃ,  ľîˇĎžŕ°üťóŔÇ žđžî¸Ś şĐŔďÇŘ°áŔýÂ÷ťóŔÇ žđžîˇÎ ÇŇ °ÍŔť ąÔÁ¤ÇĎ°í ŔÖŔ¸¸ç ŔĚżÍ ľż˝ĂżĄ şĐŔďÇŘ°áŔýÂ÷ťóŔÇ żŠˇŻ°ĄÁö ťçÁ¤Ŕť °íˇÁÇĎżŠ şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§żĄ ´ëÇŃ ľîˇĎžŕ°üŔÇ žđžîżÍ ´Ů¸Ľ žđžî¸Ś ťçżëÇŇ °ÍŔť °áÁ¤ÇŇ źö ŔÖ´Â ąÇÇŃ śÇÇŃ ĆгοĄ°Ô şÎżŠÇĎ°í ŔÖ´Ů. 

şť°ÇŔÇ °ćżě şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§żĄ ´ëÇŃ ľîˇĎžŕ°üŔş ÇŃąšžîˇÎ ŔŰźşľÇžîÁŽ ŔÖŔ¸¸ç ´çťçŔÚ°ŁżĄ şĐŔďÇŘ°áŔýÂ÷ťóŔÇ žđžîżĄ ´ëÇŃ žîś°ÇŃ ÇŐŔÇľľ Ŕ̡çžîÁř šŮ°Ą žř´Ů. ÇŃĆí, ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş ľîˇĎąâ°üŔĚ ŔÚ˝ĹŔÇ ŔĽťçŔĚĆŽťó ľîˇĎžŕ°üŔť ÇŃąšžî ťÓ žĆ´Ďśó żľžîˇÎľľ ÁŚ˝ĂÇĎ°í ŔÖ´Â ÁĄ, ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕť ĹëÇĎżŠ ÁŚ˝ĂÇŃ ŔĽĆäŔĚÁö´Â ¸đľÎ żľžîˇÎ ŔŰźşľÇžî ŔÖ´Â ÁĄ, ŔĚżÍ šÝ´ëˇÎ ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş ÇŃąšžîżĄ ŔüÇô ŔÍź÷ÇĎÁö ¸řÇŃ ÁĄŔť ąŮ°ĹˇÎ şť°Ç şĐŔďÇŘ°áŔýÂ÷ťóŔÇ žđžî´Â żľžîˇÎ Ŕ̡çžîÁú °ÍŔť żäą¸ÇĎ°í ŔÖ´Ů.

ą×ˇŻłŞ ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢ ÁŚ11Áś´Â, ŔýÂ÷żĄ Âü°ĄÇĎ´Â °˘ ´çťçŔÚ°Ą ź­ˇÎ ´Ů¸Ľ žđžî¸Ś ťçżëÇŇ °ćżě şŇ°ĄÇÇÇĎ°Ô šßťýÇĎ´Â žđžîťóŔÇ šŽÁŚÁĄŔť Ăł¸ŽÇĎąâ Ŕ§ÇŃ ąâÁŘŔť ÁŚ˝ĂÇĎ´Â °ÍŔ¸ˇÎ Ŕ̸Ś ĹëÇĎżŠ ´çťçŔÚ°Ł °řĆňŔť ąâÇĎ°íŔÚ ÇÔŔť ą× ąŮşť ¸ńŔűŔ¸ˇÎ ÇĎ°í ŔִšŮ, şť°ÇŔÇ °ćżě, ľîˇĎąâ°üŔĚ ÇŃąšžî°Ą žĆ´Ń ´Ů¸Ľ žđžîˇÎľľ ľîˇĎžŕ°üŔť ÁŚ˝ĂÇĎ°í ŔÖ´Ů´Â ÁĄŔĚłŞ ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ÇŃąšžîżĄ ŔÍź÷ÇĎÁö žĘ´Ů´Â ÁĄŔş ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢ ÁŚ11ÁśŔÇ żřĢŔť ąŘşšÇҸ¸ÇŃ ťçÁ¤Ŕ¸ˇÎ´Â ĆÇ´ÜľÇÁö žĆ´ĎÇŃ´Ů. ´Ů¸¸, ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕť ŔĚżëÇŃ ŔĽťçŔĚĆŽ¸Ś ÁŚ˝ĂÇÔżĄ ŔÖžî °Ł´ÜÇĎłŞ¸ś żľžî¸Ś ą¸ťçÇњ٠ŔÖ´Ů´Â ÁĄżĄ ŔÖžîź­´Â ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ ÁÖŔĺŔĚ ťó´çČ÷ łłľćˇÂŔť °ĄÁöłŞ, ŔĚšĚ ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş ˝ĹĂťź­żĄ ´ëÇŃ ÇŃąšžî šřżŞşťŔť ÁŚĂâÇĎż´°í ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎżĄ ´ëÇŃ ¸đľç ŔýÂ÷ŔÇ žČłť żŞ˝Ă ÇŃąšžîˇÎľľ Ŕ̡çžîÁř šŮ ŔÖŔ¸¸ç, şť ĆĐłÎŔş žĆˇĄżĄź­ źł˝ĂÇĎ´Â šŮżÍ °°ŔĚ şť °áÁ¤Ŕť ĹëÇĎżŠ şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕť ˝ĹĂťŔÎżĄ°Ô žçľľÇŇ °ÍŔť °áÁ¤ÇĎ´Â šŮŔ̚ǡÎ, ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢ ÁŚ11ÁśŔÇ żřĢŔť Á¸ÁßÇĎ°í śÇ şť °áÁ¤żĄ ´ëÇŃ ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ ŔÚšßŔűŔÎ źöżëŔť ĂËą¸ÇĎ´Â Ŕǚ̿Ąź­, şť °áÁ¤šŽŔş ľîˇĎžŕ°üťóŔÇ žđžîŔÎ ÇŃąšžîˇÎ ŔŰźşľČ´Ů.

ąÔÁ¤ ÁŚ4Áś (a)Ç׿Ą ľűśó ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş ˝ĹĂťÇŃ ą¸ÁŚ¸Ś šŢąâ Ŕ§ÇŘź­ ´ŮŔ˝°ú °°Ŕş ťç˝Ç ¸đľÎ¸Ś ŔÔÁőÇŘžß ÇŃ´Ů:

(i)  ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ąÇ¸Ž¸Ś °Ž°í ŔÖ´Â ťóÇĽ śÇ´Â ź­şń˝şÇĽżÍ ľîˇĎŔÎŔÇ ľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔĚ  ľżŔĎÇĎ°ĹłŞ ČĽľżŔť ŔĎŔ¸Ĺł Á¤ľľˇÎ ŔŻťçÇĎ´Ů´Â °Í,

(ii) ľîˇĎŔÎŔĚ ą× ľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔÇ ľîˇĎżĄ ´ëÇŃ ąÇ¸Ž śÇ´Â Á¤´çÇŃ ŔĚŔÍŔť °ĄÁö°í ŔÖÁö žĆ´ĎÇĎ´Ů´Â °Í, ą×¸Ž°í

(iii) ľîˇĎŔÎŔÇ ľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔĚ şÎÁ¤ÇŃ ¸ńŔűŔ¸ˇÎ ľîˇĎ š× ťçżëľÇ°í ŔÖ´Ů´Â °Í.

ťóąâŔÇ ťçÇ×°ú °üˇĂÇĎżŠ ´ŮŔ˝°ú °°ŔĚ şť°ÇŔť ĆÇ´ÜÇŃ´Ů

ťóÇĽżÍ ľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔÇ ľżŔĎĄ¤ŔŻťçźş

şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕş ľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔÇ źş°ÝŔť łŞĹ¸łť´Â ąâźúŔű şÎąâ şÎşĐŔÎ ĄŽ.comĄŻ şÎşĐŔť ÁŚżÜÇĎ¸é Ą°nbcuniversalĄąˇÎ ą¸źşľÇžî ŔÖŔ¸¸ç ŔĚ´Â ´Ů˝Ă Ą°nbcĄążÍ Ą°universalĄąˇÎ ą¸şĐľÉ źö ŔִšŮ, ŔĚ´Â ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ źź°čŔű Ŕú¸íťóÇĽŔÎ Ą°NBCĄą š× Ą°UniversalĄą°ú °˘ ľżŔĎÇĎ°í şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕş ŔĚżÍ °°Ŕş Ŕú¸íťóÇĽ¸Ś ą×´ëˇÎ °áÇŐÇŃ °ÍżĄ şŇ°úÇĎ´Ů. ą×ˇ¸´Ů¸é şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕş ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ąÇ¸Ž¸Ś °ĄÁö°í ŔÖ´Â ťóÇĽżÍ ČĽľżŔť ŔĎŔ¸Ĺł Á¤ľľˇÎ ąŘČ÷ ŔŻťçÇĎ´Ů ÇŇ °ÍŔĚ´Ů.

ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ ąÇ¸Ž śÇ´Â Á¤´çÇŃ ŔĚŔÍ

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C. ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇşÎÁ¤ÇѸńŔű

˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ ťóÇĽ°Ą źź°čŔűŔ¸ˇÎ łÎ¸Ž ŔÎ˝ÄľČ ÁÖÁöŔú¸íÇŃ °ÍŔÓŔş Ŕ̡ĐŔÇ żŠÁö°Ą žřŔ¸¸ç žŐź­ ťěĆěşť šŮżÍ °°ŔĚ ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§żĄ ´ëÇĎżŠ žîś°ÇŃ ąÇÇŃŔĚłŞ šýˇüŔű ąÇ¸Ž¸Ś °ĄÁö°í ŔÖÁö žĘŔş °ÍŔ¸ˇÎ ĆǴܾȴŮ. ĆŻČ÷ ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎżĄ ŔÇÇŃ şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔÇ ľîˇĎŔş NBCżÍ Universal°ŁŔÇ ÇŐş´ŔĚ Ŕüźź°č žđˇĐŔť ĹëÇĎżŠ šßÇĽľČ Á÷ČÄżĄ Ŕ̡çžîÁł´ÂšŮ, ŔĚżÍ °°ŔĚ ąâž÷°ŁŔÇ ÇŐş´Ŕť ŔĚżëÇĎżŠ ÇŐş´´ëťó ȸťçŔÇ Ŕ̸§Ŕť °áÇŐÇŃ ľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕť ľîˇĎÇĎ°ĹłŞ Ŕ̸Ś ťçżëÇĎ´Â ÇŕŔ§´Â  Á¤´çÇŃ ąÇÇŃžř´Â şÎÁ¤ÇŃ ¸ńŔűŔť Ŕ§ÇŃ °ÍŔĚśó´Â ÁĄŔş WIPOŔÇ źąÇŕ °áÁ¤ľéŔť ĹëÇĎżŠ źöÂ÷ˇĘ ČŽŔÎľČ šŮ ŔÖ´Ů(Konica Corporation, Minolta Kabushiki Kaisha aka Minolta Co., Ltd.v. IC,  WIPO Case No. D2003-0112; Yellow Corporation v. MIC, WIPO Case No. D2003-0748; Japan Air Gases Limited  v. MIC, WIPO Case No. D2003-0344 ľî).

ÇŃĆí, ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔş şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕť ĹëÇĎżŠ ¸śÄĄ ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎżĄ ŔÇÇŃ şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔÇ ľîˇĎŔş ĄŽ°Ĺ´ë šĚľđžî ȸťç°ŁŔÇ ÇŐş´Ŕť Ç×ŔÇÇĎąâ Ŕ§ÇŃĄŻ °ÍŔΞç ÇĽÇöÇĎ°í ŔÖŔ¸łŞ, °Ąťç °Ĺ´ë šĚľđžî ȸťç°ŁŔÇ ÇŐş´Ŕť Ç×ŔÇÇĎąâ Ŕ§ÇŃ ¸ńŔűŔĚśó ÇĎ´őśóľľ ą× ¸ńŔű¸¸Ŕ¸ˇÎ ÁÖÁöŔú¸íÇŃ Ĺ¸ŔÎŔÇ ťóÇĽ¸Ś šŤ´ÜŔ¸ˇÎ ŔĚżëÇĎżŠ ľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕť ľîˇĎÇĎ°ĹłŞ Ŕ̸Ś ŔĚżëÇĎ´Â ÇŕŔ§°Ą ¸éĂĽľÉ źö´Â žř´Ů ÇŇ °ÍŔĚ´Ů. łŞžĆ°Ą ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ÁŚĂâÇŃ, şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§Ŕť ŔĚżëÇŃ ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ Č¨ĆäŔĚÁö łťżëŔť ťěĆ캸¸é, ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ ÁÖŔĺÇĎ´Â ĄŽÇ×ŔÇĄŻ´Â ÇÇťóŔűŔÎ °ÍżĄ şŇ°úÇŇ ťÓ ŔĚżĄ ´ëÇŃ žîś°ÇŃ ÁřÁöÇŃ łíŔÇłŞ ĹäˇĐľľ žřžî ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔĚ łťźźżě´Â ĄŽÇ×ŔÇĄŻŔÇ Ář˝Çźş żŞ˝Ă ŔÎÁ¤ľÇąâ žîˇĆ´Ů ÇŇ °ÍŔĚ´Ů.

ľűśóź­ ÇÇ˝ĹĂťŔÎżĄ ŔÇÇŃ şĐŔďľľ¸ŢŔÎŔ̸§ŔÇ ľîˇĎ š× ťçżëŔş ąÔÁ¤ ÁŚ4Áś (a)Ç×ŔĚ ąÔÁ¤ÇĎ´Â şÎÁ¤ÇŃ ¸ńŔűŔÇ °ÍŔĚśó ĆǴܾȴŮ.

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Ŕ§żĄź­ °ËĹäÇŃ šŮżĄ ľűśó, şť ÇŕÁ¤ĆĐłÎŔş ąÔÁ¤ ÁŚ4Áś (i)Ç×  š× ŔýÂ÷ąÔĢ ÁŚ15ÁśżĄ ľűśóź­, ˝ĹĂťŔÎŔÇ ˝ĹĂťżĄ ľűśó <nbcuniversal.com>Ŕť NBC Universal, Inc. š× Universal City Studios LLLPżĄ°Ô ŔĚŔüÇŇ °ÍŔť °áÁ¤ÇŃ´Ů.

Boh Young Hwang
ĆĐłÎŔ§żřŔĺ

Ik-Hyun Seo
ĆĐłÎŔ§żř

ŔĎŔÚ:  2004łâ 12żů 23ŔĎ

OPINION OF SIR IAN BARKER

A. Language of the Proceeding

On September 23, 2004, the Registrar advised the Center that the language of the registration agreement was Korean.  The Complainant had alleged in its complaint that English was the language of the agreement.  This was a reasonable assumption since (a) the RegistrarĄŻs form of agreement was posted on the RegistrarĄŻs website in the English language and (b) there is nothing in that agreement which requires use of any other language by a registrant.

Despite representations to the contrary from the ComplainantĄŻs lawyers, the Center required the Complainant to have the Complainant translated into Korean following the registrarĄŻs confirmation that the language of the domain name registration agreement selected by the Respondent was Korean and the RespondentĄŻs communication by e-mail that he does not consent to English as the language of the proceedings.  Despite being served with a Korean version of the complaint the Respondent filed no response.

I was chosen as a Panelist by the Center from a list of three provided by the Complainant pursuant to Paragraph 7 of the UDRP Rules.  The others were well-known Panelists from the United Kingdom and the United States.  I doubt whether either of the other nominees would speak or read Korean.  I am certainly unable to do so.  It was reasonable, in my view, for the Complainant, when seeking a three-member panel, to nominate three English-speaking Panelists.

Under Paragraph 11 of the UDRP Rules, the language of the administrative proceedings, absent agreement by the parties, is that of the registration agreement, unless the Panel decides otherwise.

I respectfully disagree with the opinion of the majority that Korean should be the language of the proceedings.  In my view there are the following reasons that require English.

(a) The Respondent demonstrated some facility with the English language in his email communications to the Center.

(b) The disputed domain name includes a word in the English language (universal) and clearly relates to companies in an English-speaking country.

(c) The content on the RespondentĄŻs website is in English and shows that he may communicate his views in that language.

(d) The fact that the Respondent has filed no response even to the Korean complaint.

Numerous WIPO decisions indicate that the intention of Paragraph 11 is to ensure fairness in the selection of language, the expenses to be incurred and the delay caused by translations.

A similar situation to the present arose in International Data Group Inc. v Lingjun, WIPO Case No. D2004-0398.  The Panelist there said:

Ą°Thus the general rule is that the parties are at liberty to agree on the language of the administrative proceeding.  In the absence of this agreement, the language of the Registration Agreement shall dictate the language of the proceeding.  However, the Panel reserves the right to decide otherwise having regard to the circumstances of the case.  The PanelĄŻs discretion must be exercised in the spirit of fairness and justice to both parties taking into consideration matters such as command of the language, time and costs.  It is important that the language finally decided by the Panel for the proceeding must not be prejudicial to either of the parties in his or her abilities to articulate the arguments for the case.

In this particular case, the contents of the website that bears the disputed domain names are all in English.  It is a reasonable assumption to make that the Respondent is sufficiently well-versed in the language in order to conduct his business over the website in English.  If he is not, there were ample opportunities for the Respondent to raise his objections on the choice of language, but he has made no response whether on the issue of the language of the proceeding or the allegations contained in the complaint lodged by the Complainant.  To rule that he language of the proceedings is Chinese would cause substantial delay in the proceedings and result in the complainant incurring unnecessary costs.  Therefore, in consideration of the above circumstances and in the interest of fairness to both parties, the Panel hereby decides that in accordance to Paragraph 11 of the Rules, English shall be the language of the present administrative proceeding.Ąą

The above case is different from the present in that the Respondent there, unlike here, made no representation on the question of language of the proceedings.  I agree with the Panelist about the relevance of the language of the website in deciding the language of the proceeding and also with the consideration of extra cost imposed on a Complainant in having to have translations made.

A case where the registration agreement was in Korean but where the parties had corresponded in English with the Respondent demonstrating an ability to understand and communicate in English, is Deutsche Messe AG v. Kim Hyungho, WIPO Case No. D2003-0679.  There the Panel determined that English be the language of the proceeding on condition that the Respondent be permitted to submit documents and submissions in Korean.  There was, also in that case, a small website in English using the disputed domain name.

A case where the complaint (as here) was originally prepared in English but filed in Korean is Amazon.com v. Kim Yoon-Jo, WIPO Case No. D2003-0774.  There the Respondent filed no Response and the Complainant was not able to communicate in Korean.  In the interests of fairness, the three-member Panel decided that English should be the language of the proceedings and not Korean, the language of the registration agreement.  The Panel nevertheless considered any Korean documents submitted by the Respondent.

A similar decision was made in Groupe Industriel Marcel Dassault, Dassault Aviation v. Mr. Minwoo Park, WIPO Case No. D2003-0989, in these words:

Ą°The complaint was filed in the English language.  The Respondent asserts that all document in this dispute resolution proceeding should be filed in the Korean language, which was the language of the registration agreement for the Domain Name, whereas the Complainant asserts that English should be the language of the proceeding.

According to Paragraph 11 of the Rules, the language of the administrative proceeding shall be the language of the registration agreement unless the Panel decides otherwise.  The spirit of Paragraph 11 is to ensure fairness in the selection of language by giving full consideration to the partiesĄŻ level of comfort with each language, the expenses to be incurred and the possibility of delay in the proceeding in the event translations are required and other relevant factors.

In the present case, even if the registration agreement for the Domain Name was made in the Korean language, it is apparent from the written communications exchanged among the parties that the Respondent seems to have little difficulty in communicating in the English language.  The English used by the Respondent in his letters demonstrates his ability to understand and communicate in English without difficulty. 

On the other hand, the Complainant is not able to communicate in Korean and therefore, if the Complainant were required to submit all documents in Korean, the arbitration proceeding will be unduly delayed and the Complainant would have to incur substantial expenses for translation.  Therefore, in consideration of the above circumstances and in the interest of fairness to both parties, the Panel hereby decides, under Paragraph 11 of the Rules, that English shall be the language of administrative proceeding in this case.  However, based on the PanelĄŻs discretion, Korean language documents submitted, have been reviewed by the Panel.Ąą

All these previous WIPO decisions, in this PanelistĄŻs view, favour English as the language of the proceedings in the present case.

  B.  Merits of Complaint

I agree with the majority that the complaint be allowed and transfer of the Disputed Domain Name ordered.  I have been supplied with a translation of the operative part of the decision by the Presiding Panelist and I agree with it.

The Disputed Domain Name is confusingly similar to the ComplainantĄŻs marks.  The Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests.  The registration was made and continues in bad faith.

To my mind, this case of opportunistic cyber squatting is no different from many similar cases where an individual has moved swiftly to register the name of a new entity as soon as a merger of two large corporations has been announced.  The cases cited by the majority are examples.  One could also mention:

-  Repsol YPF.S.A. v. Comn.com, WIPO Case No. D2001-0741;

-  SMS Demag AG v. Seung Gon, Kim, WIPO Case No. D2000-1434;

-  Pharmacia-Upjohn AB v. Monsantopharmacia, com. Inc, WIPO Case No. D2000-0446;

-  London Metal Exchange Limited v. Syed Hussain, WIPO Case No. D2000-1388.

Sir Ian Barker
ĆĐłÎŔ§żř

Dated: December 23, 2004